In this blog we are going to tell you about Differentiate between Compile Time Polymorphism and Run Time Polymorphism, so read this blog carefully to get the complete information.
Java has different features which include inheritance, polymorphism, data abstraction, encapsulation, and others. The term polymorphism in Java means having many forms. In simple words, polymorphism can be determined as the ability of a statement to be displayed in more than one form. So in Java polymorphism implies the ability to perform the same task differently. The two types of polymorphism include compile time polymorphism and run time polymorphism. Let us understand what Compile time polymorphism and Runtime polymorphism are along with the key differences between them so that you can understand them in a better way.
What is Compile Time Polymorphism?
When an object is bound with its functionality at the compile time it is considered compile time polymorphism. In compile time, Java recognizes which method to call by checking the method signatures. So this is known as compile time polymorphism or static or early binding. This polymorphism can be achieved through method overloading which says that you can have more than one function with the same name in one class that has a different prototype. Function overloading is one of the methods by which you can achieve polymorphism but it depends on technology and which type of polymorphism we want to adopt. In Java, we can achieve function overloading at compile time. So there are different ways to carry out method overloading which are by changing the number of parameters and by changing the data types of parameters. If you change the number of parameters the class name remains the same but the parameters taken as inputs are. On the other hand, if you change the data types of parameters then the class name is kept the same but the data types of the parameters taken as inputs are different.
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What is Run Time Polymorphism?
When an object is bound with the functionality at runtime it is called runtime polymorphism. It is achieved by method overriding. Java Virtual Machine says that the proper method is to call at the runtime, not at the compile time polymorphism. Run Time Polymorphism is also recognized as dynamic or late binding. According to method overriding, the child class has the same method as announced in the parent class which means if the child class provides the specific implementation of the method that has been provided by one of its parent classes and thus the method is known as method overriding.
Key Differences between Compile Time and Run Time Polymorphism
The following are the key differences between Compile Time Polymorphism and Run Time Polymorphism as mentioned below:
- In Compile Time Polymorphism, the call is resolved by the compiler whereas, in Run Time Polymorphism, it is not resolved by the compiler.
- Compile time polymorphism is also recognized as static binding, early binding, and overloading as well. On the other hand, Run time polymorphism is also known as dynamic binding, late binding, and overriding as well.
- Method overloading is known as compile time polymorphism in which more than one method shares the same name but has different parameters or signatures and different return types. On the other hand, Method overriding is known as runtime polymorphism in which they have the same method with the same parameters or signature but are associated with compared and different classes.
- Compile time polymorphism is attained by function overloading and operator overloading while Runtime polymorphism is achieved by virtual functions and pointers.
- Compile time polymorphism provides fast execution as the method that needs to be executed is known early at the compile time while Runtime polymorphism provides slow execution in comparison to early binding as the method that needs to be executed is known at the runtime.
- Compile time polymorphism is less flexible because all things execute at compile time whereas Run time polymorphism is more flexible as all things execute at run time.
- In compile time polymorphism, inheritance is not involved while in runtime polymorphism inheritance is involved.
The final words
Polymorphism means forms or the ability to exist in different forms. A real-life example of polymorphism is that we can use one word differently. Similarly in Java polymorphism means the ability to perform a similar task in different ways. The two main types of polymorphism are: compile time polymorphism and runtime polymorphism. In compile time polymorphism the object is bound with its functionality at the compile time while in runtime polymorphism the object is bound with its functionality at the runtime. The main example and difference between compile time polymorphism and runtime polymorphism are that method overloading is compile time polymorphism while method overriding is runtime polymorphism. We hope that you found this article and understood the term compile time polymorphism and runtime polymorphism along with the main differences between them.
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Conclusion
We Hope this blog is sufficient enough to provide the information about Differentiate between Compile Time Polymorphism and Run Time Polymorphism. Thanks for reading this blog.